1 Dhu al-Qa'dah, 6 AH · 6 AH
In the 6th year of Hijrah, the Prophet ﷺ saw a dream in which he was performing tawaf around the Ka'bah in a state of ihram, with his head shaved: the rites of Umrah. He announced his intention to perform Umrah to the Muhajirun, the Ansar, and the surrounding Muslim tribes, inviting all who were able to join. The Muhajirun, who had not seen Makkah in six years, prepared eagerly; the Bedouin tribes around Madinah largely refused to participate, fearing a confrontation with the Quraysh. In the end roughly 1,400 Muslims set out with the Prophet ﷺ, some reports saying they carried arms in their baggage (though not worn, since this is not permitted in ihram) as a precaution. The Prophet ﷺ deliberately delayed departure until the 1st of Dhu al-Qa'dah, the start of the Sacred Months, to signal that he came in peace. At the miqat of Dhu al-Hulayfah he prayed two rak'at, entered ihram, and consecrated 70 sacrificial camels, a practice instituted by Ibrahim AS. From there he sent the sahabi Busr ibn Sufyan al-Khuza'i ahead to Makkah to learn how the Quraysh would react.
Referenced in the Qur'an: the Bedouins who stayed behind are rebuked in Surah al-Fath, and their reluctance excluded them from the rank of those who witnessed the Pledge of Ridwan, the third-highest rank of the sahaba (after the ten promised Paradise and the veterans of Badr).
Other events recorded in 6 AH. Their order within the year is not established; use the storyline above for the sequence.
Nothing recorded for this event yet.
لَّقَدْ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ رَسُولَهُ الرُّؤْيَا بِالْحَقِّ ۖ لَتَدْخُلُنَّ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ إِن شَاءَ اللَّهُ آمِنِينَ مُحَلِّقِينَ رُءُوسَكُمْ وَمُقَصِّرِينَ لَا تَخَافُونَ ۖ فَعَلِمَ مَا لَمْ تَعْلَمُوا فَجَعَلَ مِن دُونِ ذَٰلِكَ فَتْحًا قَرِيبًا
“Indeed, Allah will fulfill His Messenger's vision in all truth: Allah-willing, you will surely enter the Sacred Mosque in security —[some with] heads shaved and [others with] hair shortened— without fear. He knew what you did not know, so He first granted you the triumph at hand”
Confirms the fulfillment of the dream that prompted this journey.
“Indeed, the number of months with Allah is 12 [lunar] months in the register of Allah [from] the day He created the heavens and the earth; of these, four are sacred.”
Establishes the sanctity of Dhu al-Qa'dah, the month in which the Prophet ﷺ deliberately timed this departure.
سَيَقُولُ لَكَ الْمُخَلَّفُونَ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ شَغَلَتْنَا أَمْوَالُنَا وَأَهْلُونَا فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَنَا ۚ يَقُولُونَ بِأَلْسِنَتِهِم مَّا لَيْسَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ ۚ قُلْ فَمَن يَمْلِكُ لَكُم مِّنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا إِنْ أَرَادَ بِكُمْ ضَرًّا أَوْ أَرَادَ بِكُمْ نَفْعًا ۚ بَلْ كَانَ اللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرًا
“The nomadic Arabs (Bedouin) who stayed behind will say to you [O Prophet], "We were preoccupied with our wealth and families, so ask for forgiveness for us." They say with their tongues what is not in their hearts. Say, "Who then can stand between you and Allah in any way if He intends harm or benefit for you? In fact, Allah is All-Aware of what you do."”
Rebukes the Bedouin tribes who made excuses to avoid joining the journey.
بَلْ ظَنَنتُمْ أَن لَّن يَنقَلِبَ الرَّسُولُ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ إِلَىٰ أَهْلِيهِمْ أَبَدًا وَزُيِّنَ ذَٰلِكَ فِي قُلُوبِكُمْ وَظَنَنتُمْ ظَنَّ السَّوْءِ وَكُنتُمْ قَوْمًا بُورًا
“The truth is you thought that the Messenger and the believers would never return to their families again. And that was made appealing in your hearts. You harbored evil thoughts [about Allah], and [so] became a doomed people.”
Rebukes the Bedouin tribes who made excuses to avoid joining the journey.
وَمَن يُعَظِّمْ شَعَـٰٓئِرَ ٱللَّهِ فَإِنَّهَا مِن تَقْوَى ٱلْقُلُوبِ
“And whoever honors the symbols of Allah, it is certainly out of the piety of the heart”
Cited regarding the consecration of the sacrificial animals as symbols of Allah.