A noble and intelligent Arab tribe living near the Sassanid Persian frontier, bound by treaties with neighboring Arab tribes and with Kisra (the Persian emperor).
Accompanied by Abu Bakr, who was known for his knowledge of tribal genealogy, the Prophet ﷺ approached the Banu Shayban ibn Tha'laba at Mina, inviting them to worship Allah alone and to take him into their tribe. Their elder Hani' ibn Qabisah praised the message but counseled patience before committing, and their military chief al-Muthanna ibn Harithah explained that the tribe's treaty of neutrality with the Persian emperor Kisra prevented them from committing fully, though they had no such constraint regarding the Arabs.
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