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A study companion for the Seerah of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, drawn from Sheikh Yasir Qadhi’s lecture series and the classical sources it cites.

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Abyssinia

Ethiopia

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The Christian kingdom ruled by the Najashi (Negus) to which Muslims emigrated twice to escape persecution in Makkah.

Events here10

The Najashi's Political Struggle & the Tawriya

~Following the delegation of the Quraysh

The Second Emigration to Abyssinia

~Shortly after the return of the first emigrants

Quraysh's Delegation to the Najashi

~Shortly after the second emigration to Abyssinia

Civil War in the Land of the Najashi

~At some point during the Muslims' stay in Abyssinia, before their return in 7 AH

Death of Ubaydillah ibn Jahsh in Abyssinia

~During the Muslims' stay in Abyssinia, some years after the second migration (c. 620 CE)

Marriage of the Prophet ﷺ and Umm Habiba bint Abi Sufyan

~In Abyssinia, after her iddah (c. 621 CE)

Letter to the Najashi of Abyssinia

~After the Hijrah to Madinah, before the Najashi's death in 9 AH·debatedDate debatedSources vary on dating: this event is built from an account citing Bayhaqi's Dala'il al-Nubuwwah (via episode 17) and one citing al-Tabari/Ibn al-Qayyim (via episode 71, after Hudaybiyyah, roughly 6 AH). The two share the Najashi's reply nearly verbatim ("if you command me, I will come to Madinah"), so they most likely describe the same correspondence; the sort_year here follows the more circumstantially detailed episode 71 account.

The Najashi's Delegation to Madinah

~c. 7 AH, after Hudaybiyyah

Amr ibn al-As's Encounter with the Najashi in Abyssinia

~c. 7 AH, before Umrah al-Qada

DeathReadings differ

Death of the Najashi & the Funeral Prayer in Absentia

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