An ancient Arabian people to whom Allah sent the Prophet Saleh AS, dwelling at al-Hijr, whose homes were carved directly into the mountains. They demanded a miracle, a she-camel brought forth from solid rock, and were granted it, but hamstrung the she-camel in defiance of the warning never to harm her, bringing a swift, thunderous punishment (the sayha) that left them lifeless in their homes. Thamud is, as far as is known, the earliest civilization to have flourished in the Arabian Peninsula, dated to around 3000 BCE (roughly 5000 years ago), with documented archaeological evidence of this. Ibn Khaldun records that they fled to Arabia from the ancient city of Babel.
Notable for: The people of Prophet Saleh AS; destroyed by a thunderous blast (sayha) after hamstringing the miraculous she-camel; their rock-carved dwellings at al-Hijr / al-Ula still stand; one of the Extinct Arabs (al-Arab al-Ba'ida) [see Quran, 11:61-68].
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