Ashja'

In one of the small sariyyas the Prophet ﷺ sent out before the Conquest of Makkah (against a tribe seen as a threat to the Muslims, though the lecture does not name it) the sahaba passed by Amir ibn al-Adbat al-Ashja'i, a secret Muslim whose own tribe had not accepted Islam. Happy to see them, Amir greeted them with the Islamic salam. Among the contingent was Muhallim ibn Juthama, who bore Amir a personal vendetta from the days of Jahiliyyah. While the rest of the sahaba accepted Amir's salam, Muhallim refused, insisting Amir was only pretending to be Muslim, and single-handedly killed him, taking his belongings as war booty. When news reached the Prophet ﷺ, Allah revealed Surah al-Nisa 4:94, rebuking believers who refuse someone's offered peace out of a desire for worldly gain. A bitter dispute broke out between the tribe of Muhallim and the tribe of Amir; both later accepted Islam, and after the Battle of Hunayn their chieftains came to the Prophet ﷺ, angry, to demand the killing be resolved. The Prophet ﷺ calmed them and paid 100 camels in blood money himself, as the one who had sent Muhallim. When Muhallim's tribe asked him to seek Allah's forgiveness for Muhallim, the Prophet ﷺ refused, one of the very few times in his life he declined to do so, because of Muhallim's character and what was in his heart. Ibn Ishaq reports that Muhallim died a few days later; his tribe buried him, but each morning found his body surfaced face-down, and after burying him a third time with the same result, they finally left him uncovered in a valley under a pile of stones. The Prophet ﷺ then said that the earth covers up people worse than Muhallim, but that Allah wished to warn the believers, through him, of the sanctity of human life.