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A study companion for the Seerah of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, drawn from Sheikh Yasir Qadhi’s lecture series and the classical sources it cites.

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Jabal Sila'

mountainMadinah

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The mountain the Muslims camped with their backs to during the Battle of Khandaq, facing the trench with Madinah behind them.

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The Battle of Khandaq (Ahzab)

~Shawwal to Dhu al-Qa'dah 5 AH (some say 4 AH)·debatedDate debatedScholars differ on the year: Imam al-Bukhari, Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri, Imam al-Nawawi and Ibn Hazm hold Year 4 AH, based on Abdullah ibn Umar's hadith in Bukhari about his age at Uhud versus Khandaq. The seerah specialists (Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Hisham, Ibn al-Qayyim, al-Tabari, al-Samhudi) hold Year 5 AH (Shawwal; al-Waqidi and Ibn Sa'd say Dhu al-Qa'dah) as more consistent with the wider timeline, including the Second Badr and the death of Sa'd ibn Mu'adh shortly after Khandaq. Al-Bayhaqi reconciles the hadith by suggesting Ibn Umar's age fell between birthdays. This account follows the majority position of Shawwal, Year 5 AH. Several details were not found in the classical sources checked: Salman RA's age, the Ghatafan's price of half of Khaybar's harvest, Zayd ibn Harithah RA and Salama ibn Aslam RA guarding the forts, Azzal ibn Samuel's embassy, Huyayy begging the Banu Qurayza to break the Sabbath and Abu Sufyan's words about it, the number seventy for the hostages, the veiled horsemen who met Hudhayfah RA, and Tulayha al-Asadi's death at al-Qadisiyyah.

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