These unnamed Companions chased the Quraysh as they fled the battlefield of Badr in 2 AH, to make sure they would not regroup and return. When the spoils were gathered, those who had collected them claimed the right to keep them, and this group replied, "We were the ones who pursued the Quraysh as they ran away to make sure they wouldn't come back. And had we not been pursuing, you couldn't have collected." Allah settled the matter by revealing that the spoils belonged to Allah and His Messenger ﷺ, and commanding the believers to fear Allah and set things right between themselves [8:1].
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