Fudayk RA was a Companion whose people were still idolaters. Toward the end of the Prophet ﷺ's life he came to Madinah and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, the people are saying that whoever does not perform Hijrah will be destroyed." In one version he added that his people were upon shirk and that he had been told he must emigrate. The Prophet ﷺ replied, "O Fudayk, establish the salah, avoid the sins, and live with your people wherever you like." The hadith, reported in the Sahih of Ibn Hibban, is a principal evidence for the view of most Hanafi and Hanbali scholars, and the standard Shafi'i position, that a Muslim may live outside the lands of Islam as long as he can practice his religion.
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